SST Indices

Niño 3.4, Niño 1+2, PDO and AMO, monthly, January 1950 to the latest month.

Above zero = warm below zero = cool Bold line and bold “0” label mark zero on each panel.

Swipe sideways inside a chart to see earlier years.

Niño 3.4

Anomaly, °C
Niño 3.4, monthly, Jan 1950 to Sep 2026 Line chart of Niño 3.4 (Anomaly, °C). Warm fill marks months above zero, cool fill months below zero. Latest value +2.08 in Sep 2026. Range -2.17 to +2.50. -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 0
data through Sep 2026· auto-checked daily · last checked — · file last updated Oct 04, 2026

Niño 1+2

Anomaly, °C
Niño 1+2, monthly, Jan 1950 to Sep 2026 Line chart of Niño 1+2 (Anomaly, °C). Warm fill marks months above zero, cool fill months below zero. Latest value +3.94 in Sep 2026. Range -3.09 to +4.33. -4 -2 2 4 6 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 0 source change
data through Sep 2026· auto-checked daily · last checked — · file last updated Oct 09, 2026

PDO

Index (unitless)
PDO, monthly, Jan 1950 to Sep 2026 Line chart of PDO (Index (unitless)). Warm fill marks months above zero, cool fill months below zero. Latest value -1.55 in Sep 2026. Range -4.21 to +2.55. -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 0
data through Sep 2026· auto-checked daily · last checked — · file last updated Oct 04, 2026

AMO

Anomaly, °C
AMO, monthly, Jan 1950 to Sep 2026 Line chart of AMO (Anomaly, °C). Warm fill marks months above zero, cool fill months below zero. Latest value +1.25 in Sep 2026. Range -0.59 to +1.44. -1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 0
data through Sep 2026· auto-checked daily · last checked — · file last updated Oct 04, 2026

Monthly values, January 1950 to the latest published month. Niño 3.4 and Niño 1+2 are sea-surface-temperature anomalies in °C from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center; Niño 3.4 is its ERSSTv6 relative index. Niño 1+2 uses CPC's ERSSTv5 anomalies before September 1981 and OISSTv2.1 relative anomalies after, joined at the dashed line (the two differ by about 0.1 °C at the join, and by more than 0.5 °C in about one month in ten). AMO and PDO are NOAA NCEI indices based on ERSSTv5 and are not on the same basis as the Niño series. Months without published values are left blank.